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Journal article
Validity of the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey: A Confirmatory Study
Optometry and vision science, v 86(4), pp 357-363
01 Apr 2009
PMID: 19289977
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Purpose. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate whether investigator bias influenced the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS) scores of children with normal binocular vision (NBV) in our original validation study, reevaluate the usefulness of the cutoff score of 16, and reexamine the validity of the CISS.
Methods. Six clinical sites participating in the Convergence Insufficiency Treatment Trial (CITT) enrolled 46 children 9 to <18 years with NBV. Examiners masked to the child's binocular vision status administered the CISS. The mean CISS score was compared with that from the children with NBV in the original, unmasked CISS study and also to that of the 221 symptomatic convergence insufficiency (CI) children enrolled in the CITT.
Results. The mean (+/-standard deviation) CISS score for 46 subjects with NBV was 10.4 (+/-8.1). This was comparable with our prior unmasked NBV study (mean = 8.1 (+/-6.2); p = 0.11) but was significantly different from that of the CITT Cl group (mean = 29.8 +/- 9.0; p < 0.001). Eighty-three percent of these NBV subjects scored <16 on the CISS, which is not statistically different from the 87.5% found in the original unmasked study (p = 0.49).
Conclusions. Examiner bias did not affect the CISS scores for subjects with NBV in our prior study. The CISS continues to be a valid instrument for quantifying symptoms in 9 to <18-year-old children. These results also confirm the validity of a cut-point of 1 6 in distinguishing children with symptomatic Cl from those with NBV.
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Details
- Title
- Validity of the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey: A Confirmatory Study
- Creators
- Michael Rouse - Marshall B. Ketchum UniversityEric Borsting - Marshall B. Ketchum UniversityG. Lynn Mitchell - The Ohio State UniversitySusan A. Cotter - Marshall B. Ketchum UniversityMarjean Kulp - The Ohio State UniversityMitchell Scheiman - Salus UniversityCarmen Barnhardt - Marshall B. Ketchum UniversityAnnette Bade - Nova Southeastern UniversityTomohike Yamada - Penn Coll Optometry, Philadelphia, PA 19141 USAConvergence Insufficiency Treatmen
- Publication Details
- Optometry and vision science, v 86(4), pp 357-363
- Publisher
- Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
- Number of pages
- 7
- Grant note
- U10EY014676 / NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Eye Institute (NEI) U10 EY014676-02; U10EY014712; U10 EY014710-03; U10 EY014659; U10 EY014676-01A1S1; U10EY014706; U10 EY014659-02; U10 EY014676-01A1; U10 EY014715-01A1; U10 EY014716; U10 EY014709-01A1S1; U10 EY014712-02; U10 EY014716-01A1S1; U10 EY014712; U10 EY014706-03; U10 EY014709-01A1; U10 EY014716-01A1; U10 EY014716-03; U10 EY014710-02; U10 EY014709-04; U10 EY014706-01A1S1; U10 EY014715-02; U10EY014716; U10 EY014706; U10 EY014676; U10 EY014710-04; U10 EY014706-01A1; U10EY014713; U10EY014715; U10 EY014716-02; U10 EY014716-04; U10 EY014715-01A1S1; U10 EY014713-02; U10 EY014713-01A2; U10 EY014659-01A2; U10 EY014716-02S1; U10 EY014709; U10 EY014713; U10 EY014713-04; U10EY014676; U10 EY014712-04; U10 EY014709-02; U10 EY014715-04; U10EY014659; U10 EY014712-01A1; U10 EY014713-03; U10EY014709; U10 EY014659-03; U10 EY014706-04; U10 EY014710-01A1S1; U10 EY014709-03; U10 EY014715-03; U10 EY014676-04; U10 EY014715; U10 EY014706-02; U10 EY014712-03; U10 EY014710; U10 EY014710-01A1; U10 EY014659-04; U10 EY014676-03; U10EY014710; U10 EY014712-01A1S1 / NEI NIH HHS; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Eye Institute (NEI)
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Pennsylvania College of Optometry (PCO)
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000264858600009
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-67449084927
- Other Identifier
- 991021900189504721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Ophthalmology