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Journal article
Whole Blood Reactivity to Viral and Bacterial Pathogens after Non-Emergent Cardiac Surgery during the Acute and Convalescence Periods Demonstrates a Distinctive Profile of Cytokines Production Compared to the Preoperative Baseline in Cohort of 108 Patients, Suggesting Immunological Reprogramming during the 28 Days Traditionally Recognized as the Post-Surgical Recovery Period
Biomedicines, v 12(1), 28
01 Jan 2024
PMID: 38275389
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
The release of danger signals from tissues in response to trauma during cardiac surgery creates conditions to reprogram the immune system to subsequent challenges posed by pathogens in the postoperative period. To demonstrate this, we tested immunoreactivity before surgery as the baseline (t(baseline)), followed by subsequent challenges during the acute phase (t(24h)), convalescence (t(7d)), and long-term recovery (t(3m)). For 108 patients undergoing elective heart surgery, whole blood was stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Influenza A virus subtype N2 (H3N2), or the Flublok (TM) vaccine to represent common pathogenic challenges. Leukocytosis, platelet count, and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) were used to measure non-specific inflammation. Cytokines were measured after 18 h of stimulation to reflect activation of the various cell types (activated neutrophils-IL-8; activated T cells-IL-2, IFN gamma, activated monocyte (MO)-TNF alpha, IL-6, and deactivated or atypically activated MO and/or T cells-M-CSF, IL-10). IL-2 and IL-10 were increased at t(7d,) while TNF alpha was suppressed at t(24h) when LPS was utilized. Interestingly, M-CSF and IL-6 production was elevated at seven days in response to all stimuli compared to baseline. While some non-specific markers of inflammation (white cell count, IL-6, and IL-8) returned to presurgical levels at t(3m), CRP and platelet counts remained elevated. We showed that surgical stimulus reprograms leukocyte response to LPS with only partial restoration of non-specific markers of inflammation.
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Details
- Title
- Whole Blood Reactivity to Viral and Bacterial Pathogens after Non-Emergent Cardiac Surgery during the Acute and Convalescence Periods Demonstrates a Distinctive Profile of Cytokines Production Compared to the Preoperative Baseline in Cohort of 108 Patients, Suggesting Immunological Reprogramming during the 28 Days Traditionally Recognized as the Post-Surgical Recovery Period
- Creators
- Krzysztof Laudanski (Corresponding Author) - Mayo ClinicDa Liu - China Medical UniversityLioudmila Karnatovskaia - Mayo ClinicSanghavi Devang - Mayo Clinic in FloridaAmal Mathew - Drexel University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health SystemsWilson Y. Szeto - University of Pennsylvania
- Publication Details
- Biomedicines, v 12(1), 28
- Publisher
- Mdpi
- Number of pages
- 14
- Grant note
- National Institutes of Health-National Institute on Aging; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute on Aging (NIA)
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:001151956400001
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85183388347
- Other Identifier
- 991021860720404721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
- Medicine, Research & Experimental
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy