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Channel Impeller Design for Centrifugal Blood Pump in Hybrid Pediatric Total Artificial Heart: Modeling, Magnet Integration, and Hydraulic Experiments
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Channel Impeller Design for Centrifugal Blood Pump in Hybrid Pediatric Total Artificial Heart: Modeling, Magnet Integration, and Hydraulic Experiments

Matthew Hirschhorn, Nicholas Catucci, Steven Day, Randy M Stevens, Vakhtang Tchantchaleishvili and Amy L Throckmorton
Artificial organs
16 Dec 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/aor.14480
PMID: 36524792
Featured in Collection :   UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
url
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10246728View
Accepted (AM)Open Access (License Unspecified),  Open

Abstract

rotary blood pump pediatric circulatory support pediatric total artificial heart pediatric blood pump pediatric ventricular assist device
The purpose of this research is to address ongoing device shortfalls for pediatric patients by developing a novel pediatric hybrid total artificial heart (TAH). The valveless magnetically-levitated MCS device (Dragon Heart) has only two moving parts, integrates an axial and centrifugal blood pump into a single device, and will occupy a compact footprint within the chest for the pediatric patient population. Prior work on the Dragon Heart focused on development of the pump designs to achieve hemodynamic requirements. The impeller of these pumps were shaft-driven and could not be integrated for testing. The presented research leverages an existing magnetically levitated axial flow pump and focuses on the centrifugal pump development. Using axial pump diameter as a geometric constraint, a shaftless, magnetically supported centrifugal pump was designed for placement circumferentially around the axial pump domain. The new design process included the computational analysis of more than 50 potential centrifugal impeller geometries. The resulting centrifugal pump designs were prototyped and tested for levitation and no-load rotation, followed by in vitro testing using a blood analog. To meet physiologic demands, target performance goals were pressure rises exceeding 90mmHg for flow rates of 1-5 L/min with operating speeds of less than 5000 RPM. Three puck-shaped, channel impellers for the centrifugal blood pump were selected based on achieving performance and space requirements for magnetic integration. A quasi-steady flow analysis revealed that the impeller rotational position led to a pulsatile component in the pressure generation. After prototyping, the centrifugal prototypes (3, 4, and 5 channel designs) demonstrated levitation and no-load rotation. Hydraulic experiments established pressure generation capabilities beyond target requirements. The pressure-flow performance of the prototypes followed expected trends with dependence on rotational speed. Pulsatile flow was observed without pump-speed modulation due to rotating channel passage frequency. The results are promising in the advancement of the design and development of a pediatric TAH. The channeled impeller design creates pressure-flow curves that are decoupled from flow rate, a benefit that could reduce the required controller inputs and a limitation in hypertensive patients.

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19 Record Views
11 citations in Web of Science
10 citations in Scopus

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UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

This publication has contributed to the advancement of the following goals:

#3 Good Health and Well-Being

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Collaboration types
Domestic collaboration
Web of Science research areas
Engineering, Biomedical
Transplantation
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