Journal article
MXene-based stimuli-responsive and autonomous intelligent materials
Communications materials, v 7(1), 36
31 Jan 2026
Abstract
MXenes, a rapidly growing class of two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides, have emerged as powerful building blocks for stimuli-responsive materials (SRMs) owing to their high conductivity, tunable surface chemistry, mechanical compliance, and strong photothermal effects. This review critically summarizes recent advances in MXene-based SRMs that respond to light, heat, mechanical deformation, chemical environments, magnetic fields, and biological cues. Emphasis is placed on multifunctional composites, including hydrogels, elastomers, and shape memory polymers, which enable sensing, actuation, and therapeutic functions. Key design strategies such as hybrid architectures, interfacial engineering, dispersion control, and the integration of multi–transition-metal MXenes are discussed in relation to multi-stimuli responsiveness and programmable behavior. Current challenges related to stability, biocompatibility, and scalability are examined, along with emerging solutions in sustainable synthesis and additive manufacturing. Finally, future directions toward intelligent and autonomous MXene-based SRMs are outlined.
This Review explores recent advances in MXene-based stimuli-responsive materials that respond to light, heat, mechanical deformation, chemical environment, magnetic fields, and biological cues. Opportunities for translating these intelligent materials into practical technologies by exploiting their multimodal responsiveness is also discussed
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Details
- Title
- MXene-based stimuli-responsive and autonomous intelligent materials
- Creators
- Arash Adhami - Drexel UniversityMohammad Mozafari - Drexel UniversityMasoud Soroush (Corresponding Author) - Drexel University
- Publication Details
- Communications materials, v 7(1), 36
- Publisher
- Nature Publishing Group
- Number of pages
- 20
- Grant note
- U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF): CMMI-2134607
The authors would like to acknowledge financial support provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) through Grant CMMI-2134607. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF.
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:001675333500001
- Other Identifier
- 991022158467504721