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Journal article
The association of prenatal dietary factors with child autism diagnosis and autism-related traits using a mixtures approach: Results from the ECHO Cohort
The Journal of nutrition, v 155(6), pp 1938-1951
Jun 2025
PMID: 40107454
Featured in Collection : Research Supported by Drexel Libraries' OA Programs
Abstract
Previous research on the role of maternal diet in relation to autism has focused on examining individual nutrient associations. Few studies have examined associations with multiple nutrients using mixtures approaches, which may better reflect true exposure scenarios.
To examine associations of nutrient mixtures with children's autism diagnosis and traits scores within a large, diverse population.
Participants were drawn from the US Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) consortium. Maternal prenatal diet was reported via validated food frequency questionnaires. Children's autism-related traits were measured using the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) and autism diagnoses were from parent report of physician diagnosis. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was used to examine the overall mixture effect and interactions between a set of 5 primary nutrients (folate, vitamin D, omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids, and iron), adjusted for potential confounders, in relationship to child outcomes. Secondary analyses were conducted in a subset of cohorts with an expanded set of 14 nutrients. Traditional linear and logistic regression models were also run for comparison of results to mixture models.
2,614 participants drawn from 7 ECHO cohorts were included in primary analysis. Mixture analyses suggested that increasing the overall 5-nutrient mixture was associated with lower SRS scores. Individual U-shaped associations and bivariate interactions between folate and omega 3 fatty acids were suggested. In the subset included in the secondary analyses of the 14-nutrient mixture, a modest inverse trend remained, but individual nutrient associations were altered, with vitamin D demonstrating higher relative importance than other nutrients. Strong associations with autism diagnosis were not observed.
In this large sample, we found evidence for combined nutrient effects with broader autism-related traits. Because results for individual nutrients were sensitive to mixture components, replication of combined associations between nutrients and autism-related outcomes is needed.
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Details
- Title
- The association of prenatal dietary factors with child autism diagnosis and autism-related traits using a mixtures approach: Results from the ECHO Cohort
- Creators
- ECHO Cohort Consortium (Collaboration)Megan G Bragg - Drexel University, A.J. Drexel Autism InstituteJuliette Rando - Drexel University, A.J. Drexel Autism InstituteKecia N Carroll - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiStephanie M Eick - Emory UniversityMargaret R Karagas - Dartmouth CollegePi-I Lin - Harvard Pilgrim Health CareRebecca J Schmidt - University of California, DavisKristen Lyall (Corresponding Author) - Drexel University, A.J. Drexel Autism Institute
- Publication Details
- The Journal of nutrition, v 155(6), pp 1938-1951
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Number of pages
- 14
- Grant note
- Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health: U2COD023375, U24OD023382, U24OD023319 Office of BehavioralSocial Science Research (Measurement Core): U24OD035523, ES0266542, U24ES026539, U2CES026533, U2CES026542, U2CES030859, U2CES030857, U2CES026555, U2CES026561, U2CES030851, UG3/UH3OD023251, UH3OD023320, UG3OD035546, UH3OD023332, UG3/UH3OD023253, UG3/UH3OD023248, UG3OD035526, UG3/UH3OD023313, UH3OD023328, UH3OD023318, UG3/UH3OD023279, UG3/UH3OD023289, UG3/UH3OD023282, UH3OD023287, UG3/UH3OD023365, UG3/UH3OD023244, UG3/UH3OD023275, UH3OD023271, UG3OD035528, UH3OD023347, UG3/UH3OD023389, UG3/UH3OD023344, UG3/UH3OD023349, UH3OD023286, UG3OD035533, UG3/UH3OD023348, UG3/UH3OD023285, UG3/UH3OD023290, UG3/UH3OD023272, UG3/UH3OD023249, UG3/UH3OD023305, UG3/UH3OD023337, UG3OD035508, UG3OD035509, UG3OD035513, UG3OD035532, UG3OD035516, UG3OD035517, UG3OD035518, UG3OD035519, UG3OD035521, UG3OD035527, UG3OD035540, UG3OD035543, UG3OD035537, UG3OD035529, UG3OD035542, UG3OD035550, UG3OD035536, UG3OD035544
Research reported in this publication was supported by the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, under Award Numbers U2COD023375 (Coordinating Center) , U24OD023382 (Data Analysis Center) , U24OD023319 with cofunding from the Office of Behavioral and Social Science Research (Measurement Core) , U24OD035523 (Lab Core) , ES0266542 (HHEAR) , U24ES026539 (HHEAR Barbara O'Brien) , U2CES026533 (HHEAR Lisa Peterson) , U2CES026542 (HHEAR Patrick Parsons, Kannan Kurunthacalam) , U2CES030859 (HHEAR Manish Arora) , U2CES030857 (HHEAR Timothy R. Fennell, Susan J. Sumner, Xiuxia Du) , U2CES026555 (HHEAR Susan L. Teitelbaum) , U2CES026561 (HHEAR Robert O. Wright) , U2CES030851 (HHEAR Heather M. Stapleton, P. Lee Ferguson) , UG3/UH3OD023251 (Akram Alshawabkeh) , UH3OD023320 and UG3OD035546 (Judy Aschner) , UH3OD023332 (Clancy Blair, Leonardo Trasande) , UG3/UH3OD023253 (Carlos Camargo) , UG3/UH3OD023248 and UG3OD035526 (Dana Dabelea) , UG3/UH3OD023313 (Daphne Koinis Mitchell) , UH3OD023328 (Cristiane Duarte) , UH3OD023318 (Anne Dunlop) , UG3/UH3OD023279 (Amy Elliott) , UG3/UH3OD023289 (Assiamira Ferrara) , UG3/UH3OD023282 (James Gern) , UH3OD023287 (Carrie Breton) , UG3/UH3OD023365 (Irva Hertz-Picciotto) , UG3/UH3OD023244 (Alison Hipwell) , UG3/UH3OD023275 (Margaret Karagas) , UH3OD023271 and UG3OD035528 (Catherine Karr) , UH3OD023347 (Barry Lester) , UG3/UH3OD023389 (Leslie Leve) , UG3/UH3OD023344 (Debra MacKenzie) , UH3OD023268 (Scott Weiss) , UG3/UH3OD023288 (Cynthia McEvoy) , UG3/UH3OD023342 (Kristen Lyall) , UG3/UH3OD023349 (Thomas O'Connor) , UH3OD023286 and UG3OD035533 (Emily Oken) , UG3/UH3OD023348 (Mike O'Shea) , UG3/UH3OD023285 (Jean Kerver) , UG3/UH3OD023290 (Julie Herbstman) , UG3/UH3OD023272 (Susan Schantz) , UG3/UH3OD023249 (Joseph Stanford) , UG3/UH3OD023305 (Leonardo Trasande) , UG3/UH3OD023337 (Rosalind Wright) , UG3OD035508 (Sheela Sathyanarayana) , UG3OD035509 (Anne Marie Singh) , UG3OD035513 and UG3OD035532 (Annemarie Stroustrup) , UG3OD035516 and UG3OD035517 (Tina Hartert) , UG3OD035518 (Jennifer Straughen) , UG3OD035519 (Qi Zhao) , UG3OD035521 (Katherine Rivera-Spoljaric) , UG3OD035527 (Emily S Barrett) , UG3OD035540 (Monique Marie Hedderson) , UG3OD035543 (Kelly J Hunt) , UG3OD035537 (Sunni L Mumford) , UG3OD035529 (Hong-Ngoc Nguyen) , UG3OD035542 (Hudson Santos), UG3OD035550 (Rebecca Schmidt), UG3OD035536(Jonathan Slaughter), UG3OD035544 (Kristina Whitworth).
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- A.J. Drexel Autism Institute
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:001511957200023
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-105002740055
- Other Identifier
- 991022040867504721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Nutrition & Dietetics